UEFA Country coefficient
Why does the English Premier League, La Liga and Bundesliga have four teams playing in the UEFA Champions League, when the Serie A has only three?
That is all decided by UEFA’s country coefficient, which is calculated by the performances of the country’s club sides in European competitions. Each country is given points each season based on how clubs from the country perform in the Champions League and Europa League, and their points tally over a phase of 5 years are added to give their total score.
Since the English and Spanish teams have done well in the last half a decade, they rank high in this coefficient table, and are allowed four teams in the UEFA Champions League, and three in the UEFA Europa League.
With the decline of AC Milan and Inter Milan, the Serie A have not been very consistent in Europe in recent years. That is why they fall behind. On the other hand, due to Bayern Munich and Borussia Dortmund’s success last term, the Germans have a high number for the 2012-13 season.
To see how the points are calculated, you can check the UEFA website.