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The exact causes of rheumatoid arthritis are not yet fully understood, but researchers have identified several factors that may contribute to its development. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the joints, causing inflammation, pain, and swelling.
In this article, we will explore the causes of rheumatoid arthritis, including the factors and early signs to watch out for.
Causes of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Genetics: Genes that regulate the immune system may play a role in the progression of the disease. Studies have shown that people with a family history of the disease are more likely to develop it. In fact, genetic factors account for up to 60% of a person's risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis.
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Environmental triggers: One of the many other causes of rheumatoid arthritis is environmental factors. Certain triggers, such as infections, may activate the immune system and trigger the development of rheumatoid arthritis in people who are genetically predisposed to the disease. Smoking is another environmental factor that has been linked to an increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis, particularly in people who carry certain genetic markers.
Autoimmunity: Autoimmunity is the term for when the immune system malfunctions and attacks the body's own tissues or organs. This is believed to be one of the most significant causes of rheumatoid arthritis. In people with the condition, immune cells produce antibodies that attack the lining of the joints, leading to inflammation and joint damage.
Hormonal factors: Hormonal factors, particularly in women, can trigger rheumatoid arthritis. Women are more likely to develop the condition than men, and research suggests that changes in hormone levels may be a contributing factor. For example, some women may develop rheumatoid arthritis during pregnancy or after menopause, when hormone levels are fluctuating.
Early Signs of Rheumatoid Arthritis
One of the most common early signs of rheumatoid arthritis is joint pain and stiffness, particularly in the hands, wrists, and feet. These symptoms are the result of the inflammation that occurs in the joints due to the disease. The pain may be worse in the morning or after a period of inactivity and may improve with movement.
Along with joint pain, the swelling of joints and warmth are also early signs of rheumatoid arthritis. Inflammation in the joints can cause them to become swollen, tender, and warm to the touch. The swelling may be more noticeable in the morning or after prolonged periods of activity.
In addition to joint symptoms, people with rheumatoid arthritis may also experience fatigue and malaise. The disease can cause systemic inflammation, which can lead to a feeling of exhaustion and a general sense of feeling unwell.
As rheumatoid arthritis progresses, it can cause joint deformity and a limited range of motion. The inflammation and damage to the joints can make it difficult to perform daily tasks, such as gripping objects or bending the fingers.
Seeking medical attention from a healthcare professional is crucial for the proper evaluation and treatment of these symptoms. Along with medical treatment, incorporating exercises designed for rheumatoid arthritis can also be beneficial in improving joint mobility and reducing pain and stiffness.
Understanding the causes of rheumatoid arthritis is crucial to its management and treatment. Genetics, environmental triggers, autoimmunity, and hormonal factors all play a role in the development of the disease. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to preventing joint damage and disability.
If you are experiencing any of the early signs of rheumatoid arthritis, such as joint pain, swelling, or stiffness, it is essential to speak with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and treatment.
