What Is a Trigger Finger?

The trigger finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a condition that affects the fingers and thumb, causing pain, stiffness, and difficulty moving the affected digit.

The condition is caused by inflammation or swelling of the tendons that control finger movements. When these tendons become inflamed, they can no longer glide smoothly through the protective tunnel or sheath that surrounds them, leading to a feeling of catching or locking when you try to straighten or bend the finger.

It most commonly affects the ring finger and the thumb, although it can also occur in the other fingers. It is more common in women than men and tends to occur more frequently in people who perform repetitive gripping actions with their hands, such as musicians, factory workers, and farmers. It is also more common in people with certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout.

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Symptoms of trigger finger

Symptoms of the trigger finger may include:

1. Pain and discomfort at the start of the affected finger or thumb.
2. A clicking or popping sensation when moving the finger or thumb.
3. Stiffness or inability to move the affected finger or thumb.
4. Numbness at the base of the affected finger or thumb.
5. Difficulty gripping objects or performing tasks that require fine motor skills.

Symptoms may include: Pain or discomfort at the base of the affected finger or thumb (cottonbro studio/ Pexels)

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Treatment for trigger finger

It may improve on its own with rest and activity modification. However, if the symptoms persist or become more severe, medical treatment may be necessary. Your doctor may recommend non-surgical treatments such as:

1. Resting the affected hand and avoiding activities that may exacerbate symptoms.
2. Using a splint or brace to immobilize the affected finger or thumb.
3. Taking over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen.
4. Cold therapy to the affected area.
5. Performing exercises to improve finger and hand mobility.

It may improve on its own with rest and activity modification. (Ryutaro Tsukata/ Pexels)

In more severe cases, your doctor may recommend surgical treatment to release the affected tendon or sheath. This procedure is called trigger finger release and involves making a small incision in the affected area to allow the tendon to move freely again. This procedure is usually done on an outpatient basis and has a high success rate.

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The trigger finger is a common condition that affects the fingers and thumb, causing pain, stiffness, and difficulty moving the affected digit.

If you are experiencing the symptoms, it is important to seek medical attention to prevent further complications and improve your quality of life. With proper treatment, most people are able to regain normal hand and finger function.